{"id":1357,"date":"2022-05-19T05:17:01","date_gmt":"2022-05-19T05:17:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/?page_id=1357"},"modified":"2022-09-20T06:53:20","modified_gmt":"2022-09-20T06:53:20","slug":"elektromobilita","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/index.php\/elektromobilita\/","title":{"rendered":"Udr\u017eiteln\u00e1 mobilita"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1357\" class=\"elementor elementor-1357\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f1e59a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8f1e59a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98322cf\" data-id=\"98322cf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76654bb elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"76654bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Udr\u017eiteln\u00e1 mobilita<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-57b7a40 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"57b7a40\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3962441\" data-id=\"3962441\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e257142 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"e257142\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2371\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2371\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">N\u00e1hrada dieselov\u00e9 trakce<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2371\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2371\"><p>Dr\u00e1\u017en\u00ed vozidla se spalovac\u00edm motorem budou v\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0celoevropsk\u00fdmi trendy a Dopravn\u00ed politikou MD \u010cR postupn\u011b nahrazov\u00e1na<\/p><ul><li>elektrick\u00fdmi vozidly, kter\u00e1 budou zaji\u0161\u0165ovat provoz na liniov\u011b elektrizovan\u00fdch trat\u00edch,<\/li><li>akutrolejov\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b bimod\u00e1ln\u00edmi vozidly, kter\u00e1 budou obsluhovat kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 koncov\u00e9 \u00faseky bez elektrizace vybaven\u00e9 obratov\u00fdm a stani\u010dn\u00edm dob\u00edjec\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm,<\/li><li>elektrick\u00fdmi vozidly s\u00a0energetick\u00fdm z\u00e1sobn\u00edkem na trat\u00edch bez elektrizace, v\u00a0jejich\u017e dosahu budou vybudov\u00e1ny pln\u00edc\u00ed stanice.<\/li><\/ul><p>Z\u00a0energetick\u00e9 bilance hrub\u00e9 v\u00fdroby a spot\u0159eby energie publikovan\u00e9 Ministerstvem pr\u016fmyslu a obchodu plyne, \u017ee silni\u010dn\u00ed doprava spot\u0159ebuje stejn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie (26%) jako pr\u016fmysl (27%), zat\u00edmco \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed doprava pouh\u00e9 1%.<\/p><p><img \/><\/p><div><span lang=\"CS\">C\u00edl\u016f dekarbonizace dopravy v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dosa\u017eeno p\u0159eveden\u00edm p\u0159epravy osob a v\u011bc\u00ed ze silnice na \u017eeleznici. Energetick\u00e9 \u00faspory tak bude dosa\u017eeno kombinac\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00edho valiv\u00e9ho a aerodynamick\u00e9ho odporu a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed motoru elektrick\u00e9ho.<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2372\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2372\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Liniov\u00e1 elektrizace<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2372\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2372\"><p>Stejnosm\u011brn\u00e1 trakce 3kV, kter\u00e1 je vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na v\u00a0severn\u00ed polovin\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky bude v\u00a0horizontu 15 a\u017e 20 let postupn\u011b nahrazov\u00e1na st\u0159\u00eddavou trakc\u00ed 25kV 50kHz. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/p><ul><li>p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkony,<\/li><li>umo\u017e\u0148uje dobrou regulaci,<\/li><li>pot\u0159ebuje men\u0161\u00ed pr\u016f\u0159ez trak\u010dn\u00edho veden\u00ed,<\/li><li>vede ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed proud,<\/li><li>m\u00e1 men\u0161\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty a<\/li><li>umo\u017e\u0148uje del\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost mezi tra\u0165ov\u00fdmi nap\u00e1jec\u00edmi stanicemi.<\/li><\/ul><p>Realizace a provoz st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9 trak\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b je pro provozovatele dr\u00e1hy technicky a ekonomicky v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9.<\/p><p>Elektrick\u00e1 trak\u010dn\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017en\u00ed vozidla spot\u0159ebuj\u00ed cca 7,5x m\u00e9n\u011b energie ne\u017e vozidla silni\u010dn\u00ed. Z\u00a0celkov\u00e9 spot\u0159eby elektrick\u00e9 energie v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice je pod\u00edl \u017eeleznice jen cca 3%.<\/p><p><img \/><\/p><p>Pro liniovou elektrizaci je sou\u010dasn\u00fd energetick\u00fd mix v\u00fdroby elektrick\u00e9 energie p\u0159ijateln\u00fd.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2373\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2373\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Elektrick\u00e1 trak\u010dn\u00ed vozidla<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2373\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2373\"><p>Sou\u010dasn\u011b provozovan\u00e1 elektrick\u00e1 vozidla se stejnosm\u011brn\u00fdm nap\u00e1jen\u00edm budou muset b\u00fdt v\u00a0horizontu 15 a\u017e 20 let bu\u010f dualizov\u00e1na nebo nahrazena vozidly st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9 trakce. Ty jsou proti vozidl\u016fm se stejnosm\u011brn\u00fdm nap\u00e1jen\u00edm<\/p><ul><li>t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed (maj\u00ed nav\u00edc transform\u00e1tor a dal\u0161\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed),<\/li><li>komplikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed (\u00fadr\u017ebu bude muset prov\u00e1d\u011bt autorizovan\u00fd subjekt),<\/li><li>investi\u010dn\u011b a provozn\u011b dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed.<\/li><\/ul><p>Rekuperace, kter\u00e1 u stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9 trakce m\u016f\u017ee znamenat \u00fasporu a\u017e 30% trak\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f, je u st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9 trakce slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00a0d\u016fvodu nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch vliv\u016f, kter\u00e9 zan\u00e1\u0161\u00ed do distribu\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b 110\u00a0kV. Do ned\u00e1vna byla na \u010desk\u00e9 s\u00edti rekuperace omezov\u00e1na nebo dokonce zak\u00e1z\u00e1na. Nyn\u00ed je ji\u017e na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b elektrizovan\u00fdch trat\u00ed povolena.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2374\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2374\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Vod\u00edk na \u017eeleznici<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2374\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2374\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"1682\" class=\"elementor elementor-1682\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-659907cf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"659907cf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-23d6a442\" data-id=\"23d6a442\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1dcc52bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"1dcc52bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4991\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4991\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00davod<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4991\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4991\"><p>Pou\u017eit\u00ed vod\u00edku jako zdroje energie na \u017eeleznici je celoevropsk\u00fdm aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm t\u00e9matem:<\/p><ul><li>je prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee vod\u00edkov\u00fd vlak existuje, je funk\u010dn\u00ed, a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nasazen v\u00a0komer\u010dn\u00edm provozu,<\/li><li>hlavn\u00edm p\u0159edm\u011btem diskuse vyu\u017eit\u00ed vod\u00edku na \u017eeleznici nen\u00ed diskuse o parametrech vozidlov\u00e9 technologie, ale dostupnost vod\u00edku a zdroje pro jeho v\u00fdrobu,<\/li><li>s\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edm probl\u00e9mem velmi \u00fazce souvis\u00ed ot\u00e1zka logistiky, infrastruktury a v\u00a0neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b v\u00fdrobn\u00ed resp. distribu\u010dn\u00ed cena.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4992\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4992\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Sou\u010dasn\u00fd stav<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4992\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4992\"><p>Sv\u011btov\u00e1 produkce vod\u00edku se odhaduje na 70 mil. t (2020) a roste p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 6% ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokem. Zdroje v\u00fdroby jsou:<\/p><ul><li>48% parn\u00ed reforming zemn\u00edho plynu, to je metoda nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, zdrojem je ale fosiln\u00ed palivo a produkuje se CO<sub>2,<\/sub><\/li><li>30% parci\u00e1ln\u00ed oxidac\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch ropn\u00fdch frakc\u00ed,<\/li><li>18% zply\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm uhl\u00ed<\/li><li>4% elektrol\u00fdzou (cca 3 mt\/rok)<\/li><\/ul><p>Pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v\u00a0palivov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch mus\u00ed vod\u00edk spl\u0148ovat normu\u00a0\u010cSN ISO 14687-1 (99,97%).\u00a0Vod\u00edk z\u00a0chemick\u00e9 v\u00fdroby se mus\u00ed do\u010di\u0161\u0165ovat.<\/p><p>V\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice se vyrob\u00ed ro\u010dn\u011b cca 120 tis. t a jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o emisn\u011b zat\u00ed\u017een\u00fd vod\u00edk<\/p><p>Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi producenty jsou<\/p><ul><li>Unipetrol Litv\u00ednov a Kralupy (ropa)<\/li><li>BorsodChem \u2013 MCHZ (zemn\u00ed plyn)<\/li><li>Spolchemie \u00dast\u00ed n.\/L. (elektrol\u00fdza)<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00da\u010dinnost v\u00fdroby, n\u00edzk\u00e1 nebo nulov\u00e1 emisn\u00ed stopa (podle energetick\u00e9ho mixu) a chemick\u00e1 \u010distota vhodn\u00e1 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed ve vod\u00edkov\u00fdch z\u00e1sobn\u00edc\u00edch energie hovo\u0159\u00ed pro elektrol\u00fdzu.<\/p><p>Cena v\u00fdroby \u010dist\u00e9ho vod\u00edku je z\u00e1visl\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na na cen\u011b elektrick\u00e9 energie.<\/p><p>Emisn\u00ed stopu m\u00e1 i elektrol\u00fdza v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na energetick\u00e9m mixu, v\u00a0\u010cR je to<\/p><ul><li>55% z\u00a0fosiln\u00edch zdroj\u016f<\/li><li>37% z\u00a0jadern\u00fdch zdroj\u016f<\/li><li>4% z vodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f<\/li><li>3% sol\u00e1rn\u00ed<\/li><li>1% v\u011btrn\u00e9<\/li><\/ul><p><a href=\"http:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1689\" src=\"http:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-300x143.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"143\" srcset=\"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-300x143.png 300w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-1024x487.png 1024w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-768x365.png 768w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-1536x731.png 1536w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-2048x974.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4993\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4993\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Stav po\u017eadovan\u00fd<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4993\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4993\"><p>Energetick\u00e1 nev\u00fdhoda v\u00fdroby ze sol\u00e1rn\u00edch a fotovoltaick\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren se v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b orientace na vod\u00edk m\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fdhodu, a tou je p\u0159evis v\u00fdroby nad spot\u0159ebou.\u00a0V\u00fdroba vod\u00edku elektrol\u00fdzou tak m\u016f\u017ee slou\u017eit pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed nespot\u0159ebovan\u00e9 energie. To, \u017ee jeho v\u00fdroba je neefektivn\u00ed, nevad\u00ed, proto\u017ee sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny nemaj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 variabiln\u00ed n\u00e1klady.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>V\u00fdhodnou startovn\u00ed pozici maj\u00ed st\u00e1ty s\u00a0p\u0159ebytkem v\u00fdroby elektrick\u00e9 energie ze sol\u00e1rn\u00edch a v\u011btrn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Tyto st\u00e1ty maj\u00ed za p\u0159edpokladu realizace sv\u011btov\u00e9 vod\u00edkov\u00e9 strategie st\u00e1t hlavn\u00edmi v\u00fdrobci.\u00a0Sv\u011btov\u00e1 ekonomika se orientuje na budouc\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed vod\u00edku pr\u00e1v\u011b z\u00a0\u010dist\u00fdch zdroj\u016f:<\/p><ol><li>M\u00e1-li se pou\u017eit\u00ed vod\u00edku st\u00e1t n\u00e1strojem dekarbonizace, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vyr\u00e1b\u011bn z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f v m\u00edstech mal\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed spot\u0159eby<\/li><li>Takto vyroben\u00e1 energie mus\u00ed b\u00fdt schopna efektivn\u00ed velkoobjemov\u00e9 p\u0159epravy, distribuce a skladov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li><li>Konkurenceschopn\u00e1 cena v \u00farovni 2022 za p\u0159\u00edmo vyu\u017eiteln\u00fd energetick\u00fd vod\u00edk je 4 \u20ac\/kg, tedy o 40% ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dnes.<\/li><\/ol><div><a href=\"http:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-budouci.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1692\" src=\"http:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-budouci-300x105.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-budouci-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-budouci-1024x358.png 1024w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-budouci-768x268.png 768w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-budouci-1536x537.png 1536w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vyroba-vodiku-budouci-2048x716.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4994\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4994\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Doprava a skladov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4994\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4994\"><p>Kl\u00ed\u010dovou ot\u00e1zkou je, jak se vyroben\u00fd vod\u00edk p\u0159eprav\u00ed ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku na m\u00edsto spot\u0159eby a za jak\u00e9 n\u00e1klady.\u00a0P\u0159eprava vod\u00edku na rozd\u00edl od jeho v\u00fdroby a kone\u010dn\u00e9 spot\u0159eby je zat\u00edm nejm\u00e9n\u011b prob\u00e1dan\u00e1 discipl\u00edna.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><u>Synt\u00e9za a krakov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dpavku<\/u><\/p><p>Jedn\u00e1 se o v\u00fdrobn\u011b a logisticky ov\u011b\u0159enou technologii. Jej\u00ed v\u00fdhodou je vysok\u00e1 hustota, tedy relativn\u011b mal\u00fd objem.<\/p><p>\u010cpavek byl v\u00a0minulosti pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n i jako palivo, dokonce i v\u00a0lokomotiv\u00e1ch. Za 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky byly v\u00a0Belgii v\u00a0provozu autobusy poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 \u010dpavkem.\u00a0Nev\u00fdhodou \u010dpavku je jeho vysok\u00e1 toxicita, ho\u0159lavost a v\u00fdbu\u0161nost.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><u>Zkapaln\u011bn\u00fd vod\u00edk<\/u><\/p><p>Vod\u00edk se mus\u00ed nejprve zchladit na -253<sup>o<\/sup>C, p\u0159eprava je mo\u017en\u00e1 ve speci\u00e1ln\u00edch kompozitov\u00fdch tlakov\u00fdch n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><u>LOHC<\/u><\/p><p>Velmi slibnou technologi\u00ed je doprava vod\u00edku v hydr\u00e1tu (LOHC, Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liquid_organic_hydrogen_carriers\">wiki<\/a>), kterou vyvinuli na univerzit\u011b v\u00a0Erlangenu v\u00a0roce 2009.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Princip LOHC<\/p><ul><li>hydrogenace organick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky s\u00a0nenasycenou uhl\u00edkovou vazbou (nap\u0159. dibenzyltoluenu)<\/li><li>p\u0159eprava potrub\u00edm, b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi cisternami<\/li><li>p\u0159i dehydrogenaci zp\u011btn\u00fd zisk vod\u00edku vznik\u00e1 ztr\u00e1tov\u00e9 (vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9) teplo<\/li><\/ul><p>LOHC lze po dehydrogenaci znovu pou\u017e\u00edt.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Doprava-vodiku.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1695\" src=\"http:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Doprava-vodiku-300x134.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"134\" srcset=\"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Doprava-vodiku-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Doprava-vodiku-1024x458.png 1024w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Doprava-vodiku-768x344.png 768w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Doprava-vodiku-1536x688.png 1536w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Doprava-vodiku-2048x917.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>P\u0159edm\u011btem dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu je vyu\u017eit\u00ed LOHC jako p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho media pro pln\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1sobn\u00edk\u016f vozidel, tzv. DIPAFC (p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd isopropanolov\u00fd palivov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek), sest\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed z reaktoru pro p\u0159enos vod\u00edku mezi cykloalkany a acetonem spojen\u00fdm s isopropanolov\u00fdm palivov\u00fdm \u010dl\u00e1nkem.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4995\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4995\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Energetick\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4995\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4995\"><p>M\u011brn\u00e1 spot\u0159eba energie je u vod\u00edkov\u00e9ho (palivov\u00e9ho) \u010dl\u00e1nku je srovnateln\u00e1 s\u00a0naftou. Je-li vod\u00edk vyroben za pou\u017eit\u00ed obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, je jeho emisn\u00ed stopa minim\u00e1ln\u00ed, nebo dokonce nulov\u00e1.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Celkov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady provozu vod\u00edkov\u00e9ho vlaku je v\u00a0porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0elektrickou trakc\u00ed zhruba o 50% hor\u0161\u00ed a je to d\u00e1no vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi po\u0159izovac\u00edmi n\u00e1klady, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u011brnou spot\u0159ebou energie, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed specializac\u00ed \u00fadr\u017eby a pot\u0159ebnou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kvalifikovanost\u00ed obslu\u017en\u00e9ho person\u00e1lu.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Energeticka-ucinnost.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1699\" src=\"http:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Energeticka-ucinnost-300x144.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Energeticka-ucinnost-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Energeticka-ucinnost-1024x492.png 1024w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Energeticka-ucinnost-768x369.png 768w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Energeticka-ucinnost-1536x738.png 1536w, https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Energeticka-ucinnost-2048x984.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Pou\u017eit\u00ed vod\u00edku na \u017eeleznici je v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti mo\u017en\u00e9 za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek:<\/p><ul><li>vozebn\u00ed rameno mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v relativn\u00ed\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti elektrolyz\u00e9ru,<\/li><li>plni\u010dky H<sub>2<\/sub> mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na obou konc\u00edch p\u0159epravn\u00edho ramene,<\/li><li>zbrojit v\u00a0no\u010dn\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch, obratov\u011b jen v\u00a0sedlech, rychlost pln\u011bn\u00ed je z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na v\u00fdkonnosti plni\u010dky,<\/li><li>v\u00fdrobn\u00ed kapacita mus\u00ed pokr\u00fdt celkovou spot\u0159ebu, \u0159\u00e1dov\u011b 60 t\/rok\/vozidlo, p\u0159i turnusov\u00e9 pot\u0159eb\u011b 10 vozidel je to tedy 600 tun\/rok (odpov\u00edd\u00e1 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed kapacit\u011b,<\/li><li>cena vod\u00edku mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na \u00farovni sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho dieselu, tedy mus\u00ed poklesnou oproti sou\u010dasn\u00e9 cen\u011b asi o 30%,<\/li><li>liniov\u00e1 elektrizace nebo pou\u017eit\u00ed akutrolejov\u00fdch vozidel se prok\u00e1\u017ee jako neprovediteln\u00e1,<\/li><li>garance provozu mus\u00ed b\u00fdt 15 let s\u00a0opc\u00ed, resp. a garanc\u00ed p\u0159evzet\u00ed vozidel.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"N\\u00e1hrada dieselov\\u00e9 trakce\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Dr\\u00e1\\u017en\\u00ed vozidla se spalovac\\u00edm motorem budou v\\u00a0souvislosti s\\u00a0celoevropsk\\u00fdmi trendy a Dopravn\\u00ed politikou MD \\u010cR postupn\\u011b nahrazov\\u00e1na<\\\/p><ul><li>elektrick\\u00fdmi vozidly, kter\\u00e1 budou zaji\\u0161\\u0165ovat provoz na liniov\\u011b elektrizovan\\u00fdch trat\\u00edch,<\\\/li><li>akutrolejov\\u00fdmi p\\u0159\\u00edpadn\\u011b bimod\\u00e1ln\\u00edmi vozidly, kter\\u00e1 budou obsluhovat kr\\u00e1tk\\u00e9 koncov\\u00e9 \\u00faseky bez elektrizace vybaven\\u00e9 obratov\\u00fdm a stani\\u010dn\\u00edm dob\\u00edjec\\u00edm za\\u0159\\u00edzen\\u00edm,<\\\/li><li>elektrick\\u00fdmi vozidly s\\u00a0energetick\\u00fdm z\\u00e1sobn\\u00edkem na trat\\u00edch bez elektrizace, v\\u00a0jejich\\u017e dosahu budou vybudov\\u00e1ny pln\\u00edc\\u00ed stanice.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><p>Z\\u00a0energetick\\u00e9 bilance hrub\\u00e9 v\\u00fdroby a spot\\u0159eby energie publikovan\\u00e9 Ministerstvem pr\\u016fmyslu a obchodu plyne, \\u017ee silni\\u010dn\\u00ed doprava spot\\u0159ebuje stejn\\u00e9 mno\\u017estv\\u00ed energie (26%) jako pr\\u016fmysl (27%), zat\\u00edmco \\u017eelezni\\u010dn\\u00ed doprava pouh\\u00e9 1%.<\\\/p><p><img \\\/><\\\/p><div><span lang=\\\"CS\\\">C\\u00edl\\u016f dekarbonizace dopravy v\\u00a0\\u010cesk\\u00e9 republice m\\u016f\\u017ee b\\u00fdt dosa\\u017eeno p\\u0159eveden\\u00edm p\\u0159epravy osob a v\\u011bc\\u00ed ze silnice na \\u017eeleznici. Energetick\\u00e9 \\u00faspory tak bude dosa\\u017eeno kombinac\\u00ed ni\\u017e\\u0161\\u00edho valiv\\u00e9ho a aerodynamick\\u00e9ho odporu a vy\\u0161\\u0161\\u00ed \\u00fa\\u010dinnost\\u00ed motoru elektrick\\u00e9ho.<\\\/span><\\\/div>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Liniov\\u00e1 elektrizace\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Stejnosm\\u011brn\\u00e1 trakce 3kV, kter\\u00e1 je vyu\\u017e\\u00edv\\u00e1na v\\u00a0severn\\u00ed polovin\\u011b \\u010cesk\\u00e9 republiky bude v\\u00a0horizontu 15 a\\u017e 20 let postupn\\u011b nahrazov\\u00e1na st\\u0159\\u00eddavou trakc\\u00ed 25kV 50kHz. Vy\\u0161\\u0161\\u00ed st\\u0159\\u00eddav\\u00e9 nap\\u011bt\\u00ed<\\\/p><ul><li>p\\u0159en\\u00e1\\u0161\\u00ed vy\\u0161\\u0161\\u00ed v\\u00fdkony,<\\\/li><li>umo\\u017e\\u0148uje dobrou regulaci,<\\\/li><li>pot\\u0159ebuje men\\u0161\\u00ed pr\\u016f\\u0159ez trak\\u010dn\\u00edho veden\\u00ed,<\\\/li><li>vede ni\\u017e\\u0161\\u00ed proud,<\\\/li><li>m\\u00e1 men\\u0161\\u00ed ztr\\u00e1ty a<\\\/li><li>umo\\u017e\\u0148uje del\\u0161\\u00ed vzd\\u00e1lenost mezi tra\\u0165ov\\u00fdmi nap\\u00e1jec\\u00edmi stanicemi.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><p>Realizace a provoz st\\u0159\\u00eddav\\u00e9 trak\\u010dn\\u00ed s\\u00edt\\u011b je pro provozovatele dr\\u00e1hy technicky a ekonomicky v\\u00fdhodn\\u011bj\\u0161\\u00ed ne\\u017e stejnosm\\u011brn\\u00e9.<\\\/p><p>Elektrick\\u00e1 trak\\u010dn\\u00ed dr\\u00e1\\u017en\\u00ed vozidla spot\\u0159ebuj\\u00ed cca 7,5x m\\u00e9n\\u011b energie ne\\u017e vozidla silni\\u010dn\\u00ed. Z\\u00a0celkov\\u00e9 spot\\u0159eby elektrick\\u00e9 energie v\\u00a0\\u010cesk\\u00e9 republice je pod\\u00edl \\u017eeleznice jen cca 3%.<\\\/p><p><img \\\/><\\\/p><p>Pro liniovou elektrizaci je sou\\u010dasn\\u00fd energetick\\u00fd mix v\\u00fdroby elektrick\\u00e9 energie p\\u0159ijateln\\u00fd.<\\\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Elektrick\\u00e1 trak\\u010dn\\u00ed vozidla\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Sou\\u010dasn\\u011b provozovan\\u00e1 elektrick\\u00e1 vozidla se stejnosm\\u011brn\\u00fdm nap\\u00e1jen\\u00edm budou muset b\\u00fdt v\\u00a0horizontu 15 a\\u017e 20 let bu\\u010f dualizov\\u00e1na nebo nahrazena vozidly st\\u0159\\u00eddav\\u00e9 trakce. Ty jsou proti vozidl\\u016fm se stejnosm\\u011brn\\u00fdm nap\\u00e1jen\\u00edm<\\\/p><ul><li>t\\u011b\\u017e\\u0161\\u00ed (maj\\u00ed nav\\u00edc transform\\u00e1tor a dal\\u0161\\u00ed za\\u0159\\u00edzen\\u00ed),<\\\/li><li>komplikovan\\u011bj\\u0161\\u00ed (\\u00fadr\\u017ebu bude muset prov\\u00e1d\\u011bt autorizovan\\u00fd subjekt),<\\\/li><li>investi\\u010dn\\u011b a provozn\\u011b dra\\u017e\\u0161\\u00ed.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><p>Rekuperace, kter\\u00e1 u stejnosm\\u011brn\\u00e9 trakce m\\u016f\\u017ee znamenat \\u00fasporu a\\u017e 30% trak\\u010dn\\u00edch n\\u00e1klad\\u016f, je u st\\u0159\\u00eddav\\u00e9 trakce slo\\u017eit\\u011bj\\u0161\\u00ed z\\u00a0d\\u016fvodu nep\\u0159\\u00edzniv\\u00fdch vliv\\u016f, kter\\u00e9 zan\\u00e1\\u0161\\u00ed do distribu\\u010dn\\u00ed s\\u00edt\\u011b 110\\u00a0kV. Do ned\\u00e1vna byla na \\u010desk\\u00e9 s\\u00edti rekuperace omezov\\u00e1na nebo dokonce zak\\u00e1z\\u00e1na. Nyn\\u00ed je ji\\u017e na v\\u011bt\\u0161in\\u011b elektrizovan\\u00fdch trat\\u00ed povolena.<\\\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Vod\\u00edk na \\u017eeleznici\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"\\t\\t<div data-elementor-type=\\\"section\\\" data-elementor-id=\\\"1682\\\" class=\\\"elementor elementor-1682\\\" data-elementor-post-type=\\\"elementor_library\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<section class=\\\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-659907cf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\\\" data-id=\\\"659907cf\\\" data-element_type=\\\"section\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-23d6a442\\\" data-id=\\\"23d6a442\\\" data-element_type=\\\"column\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-1dcc52bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\\\" data-id=\\\"1dcc52bf\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"toggle.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-toggle\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-toggle-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-4991\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"1\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-4991\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\\\"><i class=\\\"fas fa-caret-right\\\"><\\\/i><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\\\"><i class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\\\"><\\\/i><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-toggle-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">\\u00davod<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-4991\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"1\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-4991\\\"><p>Pou\\u017eit\\u00ed vod\\u00edku jako zdroje energie na \\u017eeleznici je celoevropsk\\u00fdm aktu\\u00e1ln\\u00edm t\\u00e9matem:<\\\/p><ul><li>je prok\\u00e1z\\u00e1no, \\u017ee vod\\u00edkov\\u00fd vlak existuje, je funk\\u010dn\\u00ed, a m\\u016f\\u017ee b\\u00fdt nasazen v\\u00a0komer\\u010dn\\u00edm provozu,<\\\/li><li>hlavn\\u00edm p\\u0159edm\\u011btem diskuse vyu\\u017eit\\u00ed vod\\u00edku na \\u017eeleznici nen\\u00ed diskuse o parametrech vozidlov\\u00e9 technologie, ale dostupnost vod\\u00edku a zdroje pro jeho v\\u00fdrobu,<\\\/li><li>s\\u00a0p\\u0159edchoz\\u00edm probl\\u00e9mem velmi \\u00fazce souvis\\u00ed ot\\u00e1zka logistiky, infrastruktury a v\\u00a0neposledn\\u00ed \\u0159ad\\u011b v\\u00fdrobn\\u00ed resp. distribu\\u010dn\\u00ed cena.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-toggle-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-4992\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"2\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-4992\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\\\"><i class=\\\"fas fa-caret-right\\\"><\\\/i><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\\\"><i class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\\\"><\\\/i><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-toggle-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">Sou\\u010dasn\\u00fd stav<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-4992\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"2\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-4992\\\"><p>Sv\\u011btov\\u00e1 produkce vod\\u00edku se odhaduje na 70 mil. t (2020) a roste p\\u0159ibli\\u017en\\u011b o 6% ka\\u017ed\\u00fdm rokem. Zdroje v\\u00fdroby jsou:<\\\/p><ul><li>48% parn\\u00ed reforming zemn\\u00edho plynu, to je metoda nejlevn\\u011bj\\u0161\\u00ed a nej\\u00fa\\u010dinn\\u011bj\\u0161\\u00ed, zdrojem je ale fosiln\\u00ed palivo a produkuje se CO<sub>2,<\\\/sub><\\\/li><li>30% parci\\u00e1ln\\u00ed oxidac\\u00ed t\\u011b\\u017ek\\u00fdch ropn\\u00fdch frakc\\u00ed,<\\\/li><li>18% zply\\u0148ov\\u00e1n\\u00edm uhl\\u00ed<\\\/li><li>4% elektrol\\u00fdzou (cca 3 mt\\\/rok)<\\\/li><\\\/ul><p>Pro pou\\u017eit\\u00ed v\\u00a0palivov\\u00fdch \\u010dl\\u00e1nc\\u00edch mus\\u00ed vod\\u00edk spl\\u0148ovat normu\\u00a0\\u010cSN ISO 14687-1 (99,97%).\\u00a0Vod\\u00edk z\\u00a0chemick\\u00e9 v\\u00fdroby se mus\\u00ed do\\u010di\\u0161\\u0165ovat.<\\\/p><p>V\\u00a0\\u010cesk\\u00e9 republice se vyrob\\u00ed ro\\u010dn\\u011b cca 120 tis. t a jedn\\u00e1 se p\\u0159edev\\u0161\\u00edm o emisn\\u011b zat\\u00ed\\u017een\\u00fd vod\\u00edk<\\\/p><p>Nejv\\u011bt\\u0161\\u00edmi producenty jsou<\\\/p><ul><li>Unipetrol Litv\\u00ednov a Kralupy (ropa)<\\\/li><li>BorsodChem \\u2013 MCHZ (zemn\\u00ed plyn)<\\\/li><li>Spolchemie \\u00dast\\u00ed n.\\\/L. (elektrol\\u00fdza)<\\\/li><\\\/ul><p>\\u00da\\u010dinnost v\\u00fdroby, n\\u00edzk\\u00e1 nebo nulov\\u00e1 emisn\\u00ed stopa (podle energetick\\u00e9ho mixu) a chemick\\u00e1 \\u010distota vhodn\\u00e1 pro pou\\u017eit\\u00ed ve vod\\u00edkov\\u00fdch z\\u00e1sobn\\u00edc\\u00edch energie hovo\\u0159\\u00ed pro elektrol\\u00fdzu.<\\\/p><p>Cena v\\u00fdroby \\u010dist\\u00e9ho vod\\u00edku je z\\u00e1visl\\u00e1 zejm\\u00e9na na cen\\u011b elektrick\\u00e9 energie.<\\\/p><p>Emisn\\u00ed stopu m\\u00e1 i elektrol\\u00fdza v\\u00a0z\\u00e1vislosti na energetick\\u00e9m mixu, v\\u00a0\\u010cR je to<\\\/p><ul><li>55% z\\u00a0fosiln\\u00edch zdroj\\u016f<\\\/li><li>37% z\\u00a0jadern\\u00fdch zdroj\\u016f<\\\/li><li>4% z vodn\\u00edch zdroj\\u016f<\\\/li><li>3% sol\\u00e1rn\\u00ed<\\\/li><li>1% v\\u011btrn\\u00e9<\\\/li><\\\/ul><p><a href=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/svodbohemia.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/Vyroba-vodiku.png\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1689\\\" src=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/svodbohemia.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/Vyroba-vodiku-300x143.png\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"143\\\" \\\/><\\\/a><\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-toggle-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-4993\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"3\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-4993\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\\\"><i class=\\\"fas fa-caret-right\\\"><\\\/i><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\\\"><i class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\\\"><\\\/i><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-toggle-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">Stav po\\u017eadovan\\u00fd<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-4993\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"3\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-4993\\\"><p>Energetick\\u00e1 nev\\u00fdhoda v\\u00fdroby ze sol\\u00e1rn\\u00edch a fotovoltaick\\u00fdch elektr\\u00e1ren se v\\u00a0p\\u0159\\u00edpad\\u011b orientace na vod\\u00edk m\\u011bn\\u00ed ve v\\u00fdhodu, a tou je p\\u0159evis v\\u00fdroby nad spot\\u0159ebou.\\u00a0V\\u00fdroba vod\\u00edku elektrol\\u00fdzou tak m\\u016f\\u017ee slou\\u017eit pro ukl\\u00e1d\\u00e1n\\u00ed nespot\\u0159ebovan\\u00e9 energie. To, \\u017ee jeho v\\u00fdroba je neefektivn\\u00ed, nevad\\u00ed, proto\\u017ee sol\\u00e1rn\\u00ed a v\\u011btrn\\u00e9 elektr\\u00e1rny nemaj\\u00ed t\\u00e9m\\u011b\\u0159 \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 variabiln\\u00ed n\\u00e1klady.<\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><p>V\\u00fdhodnou startovn\\u00ed pozici maj\\u00ed st\\u00e1ty s\\u00a0p\\u0159ebytkem v\\u00fdroby elektrick\\u00e9 energie ze sol\\u00e1rn\\u00edch a v\\u011btrn\\u00fdch zdroj\\u016f. Tyto st\\u00e1ty maj\\u00ed za p\\u0159edpokladu realizace sv\\u011btov\\u00e9 vod\\u00edkov\\u00e9 strategie st\\u00e1t hlavn\\u00edmi v\\u00fdrobci.\\u00a0Sv\\u011btov\\u00e1 ekonomika se orientuje na budouc\\u00ed vyu\\u017eit\\u00ed vod\\u00edku pr\\u00e1v\\u011b z\\u00a0\\u010dist\\u00fdch zdroj\\u016f:<\\\/p><ol><li>M\\u00e1-li se pou\\u017eit\\u00ed vod\\u00edku st\\u00e1t n\\u00e1strojem dekarbonizace, mus\\u00ed b\\u00fdt vyr\\u00e1b\\u011bn z obnoviteln\\u00fdch zdroj\\u016f v m\\u00edstech mal\\u00e9 m\\u00edstn\\u00ed spot\\u0159eby<\\\/li><li>Takto vyroben\\u00e1 energie mus\\u00ed b\\u00fdt schopna efektivn\\u00ed velkoobjemov\\u00e9 p\\u0159epravy, distribuce a skladov\\u00e1n\\u00ed<\\\/li><li>Konkurenceschopn\\u00e1 cena v \\u00farovni 2022 za p\\u0159\\u00edmo vyu\\u017eiteln\\u00fd energetick\\u00fd vod\\u00edk je 4 \\u20ac\\\/kg, tedy o 40% ni\\u017e\\u0161\\u00ed ne\\u017e dnes.<\\\/li><\\\/ol><div><a href=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/svodbohemia.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/Vyroba-vodiku-budouci.png\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1692\\\" src=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/svodbohemia.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/Vyroba-vodiku-budouci-300x105.png\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"105\\\" \\\/><\\\/a><\\\/div><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-toggle-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-4994\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"4\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-4994\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\\\"><i class=\\\"fas fa-caret-right\\\"><\\\/i><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\\\"><i class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\\\"><\\\/i><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-toggle-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">Doprava a skladov\\u00e1n\\u00ed<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-4994\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"4\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-4994\\\"><p>Kl\\u00ed\\u010dovou ot\\u00e1zkou je, jak se vyroben\\u00fd vod\\u00edk p\\u0159eprav\\u00ed ve velk\\u00e9m m\\u011b\\u0159\\u00edtku na m\\u00edsto spot\\u0159eby a za jak\\u00e9 n\\u00e1klady.\\u00a0P\\u0159eprava vod\\u00edku na rozd\\u00edl od jeho v\\u00fdroby a kone\\u010dn\\u00e9 spot\\u0159eby je zat\\u00edm nejm\\u00e9n\\u011b prob\\u00e1dan\\u00e1 discipl\\u00edna.<\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><p><u>Synt\\u00e9za a krakov\\u00e1n\\u00ed \\u010dpavku<\\\/u><\\\/p><p>Jedn\\u00e1 se o v\\u00fdrobn\\u011b a logisticky ov\\u011b\\u0159enou technologii. Jej\\u00ed v\\u00fdhodou je vysok\\u00e1 hustota, tedy relativn\\u011b mal\\u00fd objem.<\\\/p><p>\\u010cpavek byl v\\u00a0minulosti pou\\u017e\\u00edv\\u00e1n i jako palivo, dokonce i v\\u00a0lokomotiv\\u00e1ch. Za 2. sv\\u011btov\\u00e9 v\\u00e1lky byly v\\u00a0Belgii v\\u00a0provozu autobusy poh\\u00e1n\\u011bn\\u00e9 \\u010dpavkem.\\u00a0Nev\\u00fdhodou \\u010dpavku je jeho vysok\\u00e1 toxicita, ho\\u0159lavost a v\\u00fdbu\\u0161nost.<\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><p><u>Zkapaln\\u011bn\\u00fd vod\\u00edk<\\\/u><\\\/p><p>Vod\\u00edk se mus\\u00ed nejprve zchladit na -253<sup>o<\\\/sup>C, p\\u0159eprava je mo\\u017en\\u00e1 ve speci\\u00e1ln\\u00edch kompozitov\\u00fdch tlakov\\u00fdch n\\u00e1dob\\u00e1ch.<\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><p><u>LOHC<\\\/u><\\\/p><p>Velmi slibnou technologi\\u00ed je doprava vod\\u00edku v hydr\\u00e1tu (LOHC, Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier, <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/en.wikipedia.org\\\/wiki\\\/Liquid_organic_hydrogen_carriers\\\">wiki<\\\/a>), kterou vyvinuli na univerzit\\u011b v\\u00a0Erlangenu v\\u00a0roce 2009.<\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><p>Princip LOHC<\\\/p><ul><li>hydrogenace organick\\u00e9 l\\u00e1tky s\\u00a0nenasycenou uhl\\u00edkovou vazbou (nap\\u0159. dibenzyltoluenu)<\\\/li><li>p\\u0159eprava potrub\\u00edm, b\\u011b\\u017en\\u00fdmi cisternami<\\\/li><li>p\\u0159i dehydrogenaci zp\\u011btn\\u00fd zisk vod\\u00edku vznik\\u00e1 ztr\\u00e1tov\\u00e9 (vyu\\u017eiteln\\u00e9) teplo<\\\/li><\\\/ul><p>LOHC lze po dehydrogenaci znovu pou\\u017e\\u00edt.<\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><p><a href=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/svodbohemia.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/Doprava-vodiku.png\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1695\\\" src=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/svodbohemia.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/Doprava-vodiku-300x134.png\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"134\\\" \\\/><\\\/a><\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><p>P\\u0159edm\\u011btem dal\\u0161\\u00edho v\\u00fdzkumu je vyu\\u017eit\\u00ed LOHC jako p\\u0159\\u00edm\\u00e9ho media pro pln\\u011bn\\u00ed z\\u00e1sobn\\u00edk\\u016f vozidel, tzv. DIPAFC (p\\u0159\\u00edm\\u00fd isopropanolov\\u00fd palivov\\u00fd \\u010dl\\u00e1nek), sest\\u00e1vaj\\u00edc\\u00ed z reaktoru pro p\\u0159enos vod\\u00edku mezi cykloalkany a acetonem spojen\\u00fdm s isopropanolov\\u00fdm palivov\\u00fdm \\u010dl\\u00e1nkem.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-toggle-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-4995\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"5\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-4995\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\\\"><i class=\\\"fas fa-caret-right\\\"><\\\/i><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\\\"><i class=\\\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\\\"><\\\/i><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-toggle-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">Energetick\\u00e1 \\u00fa\\u010dinnost<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-4995\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"5\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-4995\\\"><p>M\\u011brn\\u00e1 spot\\u0159eba energie je u vod\\u00edkov\\u00e9ho (palivov\\u00e9ho) \\u010dl\\u00e1nku je srovnateln\\u00e1 s\\u00a0naftou. Je-li vod\\u00edk vyroben za pou\\u017eit\\u00ed obnoviteln\\u00fdch zdroj\\u016f, je jeho emisn\\u00ed stopa minim\\u00e1ln\\u00ed, nebo dokonce nulov\\u00e1.<\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><p>Celkov\\u00e9 n\\u00e1klady provozu vod\\u00edkov\\u00e9ho vlaku je v\\u00a0porovn\\u00e1n\\u00ed s\\u00a0elektrickou trakc\\u00ed zhruba o 50% hor\\u0161\\u00ed a je to d\\u00e1no vy\\u0161\\u0161\\u00edmi po\\u0159izovac\\u00edmi n\\u00e1klady, vy\\u0161\\u0161\\u00ed m\\u011brnou spot\\u0159ebou energie, vy\\u0161\\u0161\\u00ed specializac\\u00ed \\u00fadr\\u017eby a pot\\u0159ebnou vy\\u0161\\u0161\\u00ed kvalifikovanost\\u00ed obslu\\u017en\\u00e9ho person\\u00e1lu.<\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><p><a href=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/svodbohemia.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/Energeticka-ucinnost.png\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1699\\\" src=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/svodbohemia.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/Energeticka-ucinnost-300x144.png\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"144\\\" \\\/><\\\/a><\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><p>Pou\\u017eit\\u00ed vod\\u00edku na \\u017eeleznici je v\\u00a0sou\\u010dasnosti mo\\u017en\\u00e9 za ur\\u010dit\\u00fdch podm\\u00ednek:<\\\/p><ul><li>vozebn\\u00ed rameno mus\\u00ed b\\u00fdt v relativn\\u00ed\\u00a0bl\\u00edzkosti elektrolyz\\u00e9ru,<\\\/li><li>plni\\u010dky H<sub>2<\\\/sub> mus\\u00ed b\\u00fdt na obou konc\\u00edch p\\u0159epravn\\u00edho ramene,<\\\/li><li>zbrojit v\\u00a0no\\u010dn\\u00edch hodin\\u00e1ch, obratov\\u011b jen v\\u00a0sedlech, rychlost pln\\u011bn\\u00ed je z\\u00e1visl\\u00e1 na v\\u00fdkonnosti plni\\u010dky,<\\\/li><li>v\\u00fdrobn\\u00ed kapacita mus\\u00ed pokr\\u00fdt celkovou spot\\u0159ebu, \\u0159\\u00e1dov\\u011b 60 t\\\/rok\\\/vozidlo, p\\u0159i turnusov\\u00e9 pot\\u0159eb\\u011b 10 vozidel je to tedy 600 tun\\\/rok (odpov\\u00edd\\u00e1 v\\u00fdrobn\\u00ed kapacit\\u011b,<\\\/li><li>cena vod\\u00edku mus\\u00ed b\\u00fdt na \\u00farovni sou\\u010dasn\\u00e9ho dieselu, tedy mus\\u00ed poklesnou oproti sou\\u010dasn\\u00e9 cen\\u011b asi o 30%,<\\\/li><li>liniov\\u00e1 elektrizace nebo pou\\u017eit\\u00ed akutrolejov\\u00fdch vozidel se prok\\u00e1\\u017ee jako neprovediteln\\u00e1,<\\\/li><li>garance provozu mus\\u00ed b\\u00fdt 15 let s\\u00a0opc\\u00ed, resp. a garanc\\u00ed p\\u0159evzet\\u00ed vozidel.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/section>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\"}}]}<\/script>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Udr\u017eiteln\u00e1 mobilita N\u00e1hrada dieselov\u00e9 trakce Dr\u00e1\u017en\u00ed vozidla se spalovac\u00edm motorem budou v&nbsp;souvislosti s&nbsp;celoevropsk\u00fdmi trendy a Dopravn\u00ed politikou MD \u010cR postupn\u011b nahrazov\u00e1na elektrick\u00fdmi vozidly, kter\u00e1 budou zaji\u0161\u0165ovat provoz na liniov\u011b elektrizovan\u00fdch trat\u00edch, akutrolejov\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b bimod\u00e1ln\u00edmi vozidly, kter\u00e1 budou obsluhovat kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 koncov\u00e9 \u00faseky bez elektrizace vybaven\u00e9 obratov\u00fdm a stani\u010dn\u00edm dob\u00edjec\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, elektrick\u00fdmi vozidly s&nbsp;energetick\u00fdm z\u00e1sobn\u00edkem na trat\u00edch [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1357","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1357","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1357"}],"version-history":[{"count":53,"href":"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1357\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1765,"href":"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1357\/revisions\/1765"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/svodbohemia.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}